Review of Michael A. Messner�s Book �Power at Play: Sports and the Problem of Masculinity�
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This is a 3 page book review of Michael A. Messner�s �Power at Play: Sports and the Problem of Masculinity�. Michael A. Messner�s 1992 text �Power at Play: Sports and the Problem of Masculinity� is one of the first sociological studies which observes the social role of sports in the development of masculinity and how that role has been affected by the feminist movement throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Messner�s study is based on his interviews with thirty former male athletes from different high school, college and/or professional leagues. Messner�s text is important in its feminist look at the masculinity in sports and in addition to the reinforcement of homophobia which has also been challenged with the acceptance of gays within organized sports. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TJMMess1.rtf

Romeo and Juliet
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A Twentieth Century Interpretation; This 5 page paper compares the traditional Shakespeare play with the 1996 film directed by Baz Lurhmann and starring Claire Danes as Juliet Capulet and Leonardo DiCaprio as Romeo Montague. The paper looks at the use of scenery comparing and considering similarities and differences. The bibliography cites 2 sources.
Filename: TEromjut.wps

Russian Popular Culture During The 1980 Olympic Games In Moscow
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18 pages in length. The overwhelming political implications of the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games turned this usually festive competition into a bureaucratic battle zone; however, this was hardly the first or last time that international politics invaded the supposed sanctity of the Olympic Games. The Soviet Union had just invaded Afghanistan and as a measure of opposition towards the attack, the United States Olympic team boycotted the event. When the student considers the myriad issues related to the 1980 Moscow Olympics, he or she will want to more closely examine the reason for Moscow's application as a host city in the first place; the USSR's reaction to having the Olympics in its backyard; and how international coverage varied from journalist to journalist, given the press's inherent propensity for misinformation. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: TLColymp.rtf

Should New York Host The 2012 Summer Olympic Games
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This 10 page paper begins with the selection of New York City as the United States' contender to host these Games. It discusses the type of presentation made by the New York committee and reports comments suggesting the vote was driven by sympathy rather than by other factors. The writer presents arguments for and against New York hosting the Games and reports on committees of residents who oppose the Games being held in New York City. The different venues that will be constructed such as the Olympic Village and a new stadium are described as is a proposed new ferry system to transport athletes. The costs of the construction is also presented. Some of the many concerns of citizens are described. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGny2012.rtf

Snowmobiling in Canada -- The Ultimate Offroad Experience
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This 6 page report discusses the fact that for snowmobile enthusiasts, there is nothing more exciting than the ability to access the back country in the dead of winter by riding and ramming a powerful machine through the fields and forests. In many jurisdictions throughout North America, snowmobiles are classified as off-road vehicles. This paper discusses the sports� organizations, there purposes, and the environmental impact of snowmobiling in Canada. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWsnowmo.wps

Soccer as a Type of Nationalism: International Perspectives, Soccer Fans and National Identity
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This is a 20 page paper discussing soccer as a national identity as portrayed by soccer fans in different countries in addition to national pride and political perspectives. Soccer, referred to as football on an international basis, has become one of the most prominent symbols of nationalism within recent years. Whether soccer teams are representing local clubs, national clubs or are competing on an international stage, fans of the clubs are strictly devoted to their teams and identify with them on a national level. Sack and Seljan (2000) write that �a sport such as soccer provides opportunities for thousands of spectators to collectively affirm their commitments to beliefs, values, and myths than underlie their cultural identity�. In addition to the collective of fans at a soccer match, the presence of national flags, symbols, clothing and colors further unite (or divide in some cases) people who previously were strangers in a common bond of fraternity and national identity. Because of this powerful collective feel, it is not surprising then that often soccer matches and tournaments are used as political forums as well. Politically, soccer matches can be used to unite populations under a single cause or divide nations which may have historical differences. Nevertheless, soccer is overall a positive uniting force in a world in which people may often become isolated in their work or home environments. Soccer is the world�s most popular sport and countries all over the world have used soccer as a way to unite, promote, and celebrate their nationalism. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: TJsoccr1.rtf

Soccer World Cup - Corruption And Scandals
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An 8 page paper. Sadly, the soccer World Cup has been riddled with corruption and scandal since its inception in the 1930s. This paper reports and discusses some of the corrupt practices and scandals associated with the World Cup, whether they were at the games or occurred prior to a nation sending its team. More information is available for the issues during the 1990s. bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PGsocwcp.rtf

Socio-cultural causes of football hooliganism
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A seven page paper which looks at some of the underlying social and cultural factors which have influenced the growth of football hooliganism in Britain and Europe, such as alcohol consumption and the rise of subcultures. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: JLfball.rtf

Spectator Safety; A Comparison Between the UK and US
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This 16 page paper considers the difference in spectator protection between the UK and the US. To undertake this there is an examination of the law in both countries, looking at both case law and the overriding attitudes of the courts. In addition to this the different spectra cultures are examined to find differences. The bibliography cites 20 sources.
Filename: TEspectr.rtf

Sport Law and Society
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23 pages in length. In today's world of sports there are many laws in place that protect athletes from such things as discrimination (including that of sex, color, disability, ethnicity, and religion) as well as other forms of unfair practices against athletes in all situations. But is there today sufficient legal protection to ensure that participants in sport can compete on an equal basis regardless of their background? The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic according to law and practice and will reference meaningful statutes and case law from various jurisdictions. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: JGAlglsp3.wps

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